Sociological Analysis of the Destruction of Cultural and Artistic Heritage of Mosul by ISIS: A Verstehen Approach (Max Weber, Ibn Khaldun, Dr. Ali Al-Wardi)

Abstract

This article analyzes the destructive impact of ISIS on the cultural and artistic heritage of the city of Mosul. The research is based on the theories of three prominent sociologists: Ibn Khaldun, Max Weber, and Ali Al-Wardi, and utilizes data from reliable digital and print sources, articles, and news reports. The study employs a descriptive-analytical method and qualitative content analysis. The results of this study indicate that the destruction of Mosul's historical and cultural artifacts was carried out deliberately and with pre-planned strategies. These demolitions have particularly negatively affected the identity and historical credibility of the region's inhabitants. On the one hand, ethnic and religious prejudices rooted in Iraq's turbulent history fuel such destructive behaviors. On the other hand, the beliefs and convictions of the people act as a force for the preservation and restoration of this heritage. In other words, the conflict between preserving and destroying Mosul's historical and artistic heritage stems from social and cultural dualities, as well as religious and political influences. This article also highlights the necessity of international and national actions for the protection of Iraq's cultural heritage and calls for a secure and cooperative framework to enhance cultural identity. It emphasizes the importance of collaboration between regional countries, international organizations, and cultural and social institutions to prevent the recurrence of such tragic destruction of cultural heritage.