The Criminal Profile at The Intersection of Criminology and Crime Prevention: a Comparative Evaluation of the Criminal Justice Systems in Iran and England

Abstract

The criminal profile, as a modern tool in the criminal justice system, plays a significant role in identifying the individual characteristics of offenders and designing crime prevention strategies. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the criminal profile in the criminal justice systems of Iran and England, examining its role through the lens of legal provisions, criminological foundations, and its effects on crime prevention. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical and comparative method based on the analysis of legal provisions, including Article 203 of the Iranian Code of Criminal Procedure, and the legal practices in England within the framework of Pre-Sentence Reports. The findings reveal that in Iran, the criminal profile faces legal and practical challenges, such as the absence of a standardized system for completing these profiles. In contrast, in England, the use of this tool under specific laws, such as Section 156 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003, and within preventive mechanisms, has yielded effective results. Overall, strengthening the role of the criminal profile in Iran, through legal reform and leveraging England's experiences, can improve the quality of judicial processes, prevent crime, and reduce recidivism rates.